Range of male contraceptives and their effect on the body
For many years, our society has been concerned with issues of gender equality. They are often associated with the appearance of stories about contraceptives intended for the stronger half of humanity. Ultimately, however, such arguments are completely irrelevant. This is explained by the fact that male contraceptives, mainly for oral use, were created much earlier than similar drugs for women. As for modern pharmacology, thanks to the use of innovative technologies, it is possible to bring male medications to a new and, accordingly, more advanced level.
Contents of the article:
- Unjustified discrimination
- What a beast vasectomy is
- Male oral medications
- Men”s attitude to the problem of contraception
- Returning to historical origins
- The effect of alcohol on spermatogenesis
- High demands on male contraceptives
- Mysterious Sertoli cells
- The gene for spermatogenesis has been “found”
- The future of male contraceptives
- Summing up
Unjustified discrimination
It is generally accepted in society that all types of protection against unwanted pregnancy were developed and created exclusively for female use. In many ways, their assortment contributes to this state of affairs: their very large assortment
- Barrier methods of female contraception (introduced through surgery);
- Vaginal diaphragms;
- Caps
- Ambient preparations containing hormonally active substances.
As for the stronger sex, male contraceptives are either condoms alone or, as a last resort, a surgical operation called a vasectomy.
What a beast vasectomy is.
For those who don”t know, it is a surgical procedure; This is a surgical procedure performed by a doctor. During the procedure, the doctor, by prior agreement with the patient, removes bandages or pieces of vital ducts.
Some doctors call this procedure sterilization, since it leaves the patient completely sterile and unable to produce his own offspring. At the same time, the sexual function and sexual behavior of the man are completely preserved. Speaking about the availability of manipulations:
- Livido
- Erectile function;
- Ejaculation.
Some of them are completely baffled by the useless vasectomy caused by castration. In fact, we are talking about two completely different things. If the doctor creates an artificial obstruction of the spermatic duct, this does not change the appearance or quantity of their sperm. On the contrary, everything remains the same as before the operation, and the only difference that is visible to the naked eye cannot be determined. It lies in the fact that sperm are not completely present in the ejaculate. This means that a woman cannot conceive a child from a man who has undergone this procedure.
This method of male contraception belongs to the category of radical. And despite the fact that this process is considered reversible, only representatives of the strong half of humanity, who find themselves strictly on their own two feet, agree that they no longer want to win women from their children.
Male oral medications
For reasons that remain unclear, in men, drugs such as male contraceptives are perceived in the same way as drugs that, on the contrary, increase the level of potency. According to prevailing stereotypes, all measures created to prevent unwanted pregnancy are considered the exclusive prerogative of the female half of humanity.
Men”s attitude to the problem of contraception
As for the attitude towards the use of contraceptives by men themselves, recently there has been a tendency to agree that everyone needs to protect themselves, a little earlier than is customary, since it is customary to protect themselves, and not to start from their strong male shoulders. This. Women.
By the way, the world”s first condom (created at the beginning of the 16th century, by the way, by the English doctor Charles Condom) was designed to protect the monarch Henry VIII from the undesirable consequences of violent and numerous sexual relations.
Returning to historical origins
Regarding contraceptive methods, as noted above, male contraceptives appeared earlier than their female counterparts (the latter became generally available only in the mid-1960s).
At the same time, the first trials of male oral contraceptives were carried out in the 50s. The subjects (and these were prisoners in the immediate vicinity of the American city of Salem) injected 18, 446 chemical drugs. Included:
- Dichlor
- Octamethylenediamine.
The drug”s action is supposed to help control fertility by blocking spermatogenesis. Indeed, the experiments were soon terminated, as it was found that after taking the drug, the count of viable sperm immediately returned to normal. Incidentally, at that time, 20-40 million cells per ml of ejaculate (seminal fluid) was considered normal.
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An additional reason for discontinuing drug testing is the symptoms of side effects after use, the dynamics of which are similar to those of addiction.
- Severe headache;
- Vomiting
- “Blurred vision;
- Sweating.
By the way, the side effects appeared after these male contraceptives began to be tested by independent, free Americans. Apparently, the prisoners” feelings were not given due consideration, with the sole suspicion that they were faking them in order to extract concessions from prison administration.
A little later, another drawback of male contraceptives was recognized: when combined with alcohol, they ceased to work completely, and freedom-loving Americans could not forgive this. This initial failure threw doctors off course, and all research using male contraceptives was halted for 50 long years.
The effect of alcohol on spermatogenesis
Research progressed only in 2010. At that time, scientists discovered a link between Win 18. 446 and sperm production. In both cases, it was established that certain processes related to the processing of alcohol molecules and reincarnation occur.
This means that targeted blocking The “right” enzyme can render sperm harmless without causing general toxicity to the body. Here, scientists had to pay special attention to the importance of the sperm production process of retinoic acid. This issue was also addressed by a group of scientists from Columbia University, New York.
High demands on male contraceptives
Considering all of the above, it is not entirely surprising that it took much more time to create a high-quality male contraceptive than to create a female analogue of the oral drug. Here, in addition to the effectiveness of suppressing spermatogenesis, we discussed the need to achieve 100% reversibility of the process and the need to exclude any kind of side effects on the body.
Considering that more and more men are being selected for the drug, doctors should have tried hard. In addition, the risk of error was explained by the fact that men were prescribed to take the pills for a long time.
The fact that the first male birth control pills were incorrectly formulated on the same principles as female oral contraceptives resulted in “side effects.” The rapid increase in testosterone levels led to a decrease in the levels of other hormones, which in turn had a negative effect on all tissues and organs. Consequences of drug use include
- Obesity
- The appearance of acne;
- Decreased sexual desire up to the complete absence of erection.
- Sudden mood changes.
Moreover, in almost 20% of subjects the body did not respond to the drug at all.
Consequences of taking birth control pills
Mysterious Sertoli cells
Sertol cells are called trophic cells and protect maturing sperm. Scientists have identified a special substance — gamendazole, which can interfere with the normal behavior of cellular elements. In fact, after taking the drug, they “lose” their legal capacity and, accordingly, are completely unsuitable sperm for fertilization.
However, such scientific breakthroughs are still fully justified. And testing of the drug is not yet allowed today. This is due to the fact that, in addition to neutralizing ritual cells, it can negatively affect the overall level of hormones and irreversibly disrupt the processes of sperm formation in the male body. This is entirely explained by the fact that a huge number of genes are produced in the testes, and even one disorder can completely block spermatogenesis.
The gene for spermatogenesis has been “found”
Coincidentally, while testing possible anti-cancer drugs, scientists in Boston were later able to discover a substance called JQ1. When tested in rodents, this thienozepine inhibitor was able to suppress a special protein called BRDT, which is responsible for the production of fully formed sperm.
At the same time, inhibition by exposure is possible in the human body, given the fact that the BRDT protein is one of the most conservative (structural structure and functional purpose).
To date, research into these interaction processes has already demonstrated the following facts:
- Experimental mice injected with the drug are completely sterilized.
- Сперматозоиды проходят только половину развития.
- Количество сперматозоидов значительно снижается.
В то же время были обнаружены и положительные стороны препарата.
- Does not change the level of male sex hormones.
- There are no side effects.
- The effect of the drug is reversible.
All this suggests that suba JQ1 contains enormous potential and will allow new high-quality and very reliable male contraceptives to appear on the pharmacological market.
The future of male contraceptives
Of course, the discovery of the mechanism of action of the JQ1 substance did not stop scientists from studying it. Doctors are persistently looking for ways to block the process of spermatogenesis using non-hormonal drugs. Considering the grumpiness of the male population, male contraceptives should have the following characteristics.
- High efficiency;
- Absolute safety;
- No side effects.
At the same time, the product must be inexpensive (and easy to produce). Well, in conclusion, it is worth noting that at least one representative of the strong half of humanity is unlikely to purchase and use such a tablet if its behavior is not reversible.
Summing up
To summarize all of the above, we can say with confidence that modern scientific research does not stand still, and it is likely that in the near future doctors and pharmacists will release new male contraceptives to the market that meet all the necessary requirements.
Subsequently, many partners may over time develop an aversion to condoms, and they will calmly have sex without fear of an unpleasant pregnancy, because they are not loved. A completely fair question may arise — why not do this with the help of female oral contraceptives? The answer to this question is simple — there are certain circumstances when a woman takes hormonal pills. For example, allergic reactions or breastfeeding. It is in such cases that a loving and caring person can take full responsibility for protection.
